Camera having detachable magazine



Sept..20, 1949. e. RATTRAY ETAL 2,482,596

CAMERA HAVING DETACHABLE MAGAZINE FiledDec. 28, 1945 11 Sheets-Sheet 1 TGF PRESSUREO LTIME o STAT EMULSION SPEED o SETTING o IN VEN TOR. GEORGE RA 7'7'RA Y IRVING WDOYLE A TTORNEYS ll Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Dec. 28, 1943 1 N VE N TOR$ 659/965 RA T 779/1 Y ArfoR/vws Sept. 20, 1949. G. RATTRAY ET AL 2,482,596

CAMERA HAVING DETACHABLE MAGAZINE FiledDec. 28, 1945 ll Sheets-Sheet 3 IN V EN TORS- 650K519 RATTRAY BY //?l //V6 WDOJ LE A TTORNE Y5 ep 20, 1949. G. RATTRAY ETAL 2,432,596

CAMERA HAVING DETACHABLE MAGAZINE Filed Dec. 2 8, 1943 l1 Sheets-Sheet 4 222 i -"wl 554 I o i 557 I I I IO l I 352a X476 539 3 7 RINVENTOR.

0 6E RATTRAY 363. 362 554 55/ 550 540 538 I BY IRVING W 00515 AT ORNEYS Sept. 20, 1949. RATTRAY ET AL 2,482,595

CAMERA HAVING DETACHABLE MAGAZINE Filed Dec. 28, 1943 ll Sheets-Sheet 5 GEORGE RA TTRAY m V/Nb w. DOYLE AT ORNEYS Q kg M N v &; 35 R INVENTORS p 1949- G. RATTRAY EIAL 2,482,596

CAMERA HAVING DETACHABLE MAGAZINE Filed Dec. 28, 1943 ll Sheets-Sheet 6 1- 1 5/7 INVENTORS 64a GEORGE RA TTRAY //?l //N6 w 0on5 /05 arm, m A m M ATTORNEYS Sept. 20, 1949. s. RATTRAY ETAL CAMERA HAVING DETACHABBE MAGAZINE Filed Dec. 28, 1943 11 Sheets-Sheet 8 f p 1949. s. RATTRAY EIAL. 2,482,596

CAMERA HAVING DETACHABLE MAGAZINE Filed Dec. 28, 1943 ll Sheets-Sheet 9- I N VEN TORS afolaai RATTRAY IRVING w 0on5 ATTORNEYS G. RATTRAY ETAL CAMERA HAVING DETACHABLE MAGAZINE Sept. 20, 1949.

ll Sheets-Sheet 10 Filed Dec. 28, 1945 INVENTORS GEORGE RATTRAY BY /RV/N6 W DOYLE W hie r umd 4T ORNEYS Sept. 20, 1949. c. RATTRAY ETAL CAMERA HAVING DETACHABLE MAGAZINE Filed Dec. 28, 1943 ll Sheets-Sheet 11 I N V EN TORS GEO/Mi RATTRA) /RV/N6 W DOYLE M W A aljwmd/ A T ORNEVS Patented Sept. 20, 1949 George Rattray, Mineola, and Irving W. Doyle,

assignors to Fairchild c Camera and Instrument Corporation, acorporation of Delaware I Massapequa, N

Application December 28, 1943, Serial No. 515,968 1 21 Claims.

This invention relatesto photographic apparatus and more particularly to a camera for use in aerial photography; I

Modern aerial photography requirements, both military and commercial, are such that in order various features of the 'cone construction and portions of the shutter operating mechanism;

to be met a high degree of precision is necessary in the photographic equipment used. Very often circumstances are such that the aircraft in which the camera is mounted must fly at substantial altitude, making it difiicult to obtain sharp and accurate photographs of the terrain overwhich the aircraft is flying. Furthermore, it is important, particularly where the photographs are to be used for mapping purposes, that each photograph include various important dataconcerning such factors asltheftime of day, the altitude, the number of the particular photograph where a series thereof are being taken, theattitude of the camera at the time of exposure, i. e., whether or not the focal plane was horizontal, and such other data as may be required. In order to attain such high precision and include in each photograph the data referred to, and at the same timerelieve the aircraft pilot or such person responsible for operating the camera of making numerous adjustments and settings preliminary to making one or more exposures, such a camera should be to as great an extent as possible automatic, thus not only, relieving the operator of making such settings; but also precluding the possibility of various errors resulting from the human element. 1

It is accordinglyam'ong the objects of this invention to provide an aerial camera which is sturdy anddurable under conditions of rigorous use,,which is capable of efiicient and dependable operation over an extended period of time, which does not require in its operation any great degree of skill, but which nevertheless is capable I of precisely photographing any desired terrain. r

The invention accordingly consists in the features of construction, combinations of elements,

and arrangements of parts as will be exemplified in the structure to be hereinafter described, and the scope of the application of which will be indicated in the following claims.

In the drawing, in which Wehave shown one form of our invention, I

Figure 1 is a perspective view of the camera;

Figure 2 is an enlarged top plan view;

Figure 2A is an enlarged perspective view of the camera with various cover plates removed therefrom to disclose interior mechanism; 7

Figure 3 is an enlarged frag y S ct al elevation with portions broken awayto show 1 film magazine; I

Figure 4 is aninvertedperspective view of a anner the cone structuresh'owing other detailsof the shutter operating mechanism, as well as portions of the recording system;

Figure 5 is an enlarged fragmentary top plan view of a portion ofthe'shutterimechanism;

Figure 6 is an' enlarged"fragmentary bottom 'plan' View of a portion of the shutter'meohanism showing the retard device for obtaining various shutter speeds; l I

Figure 'I is an enlarged'sectional elevation of the shutter operating mechanism;

Figure 7A isa' reduced perspective view of one side of the shutterassembly;

Figure 7B-is a'-rduced perspective view of the top of the shutterassembly;

Figure 8 is an enlarged top plan view of the Figure 9 is asectional elevation taken along the line S -Qof FigureB; I Fijgure 9A is an enlarged sectional detail of the lower leftmandportion of Figure 9 taken along the line 99 of 8; I

Figure 10 is asideelevation showing various details of a' portion of the drivemechanism for the magazine;

Figure 11 is an enlarged section taken along theline ll-llof Figure 1o; 1 v

Figure 12 is-an enlarged schematic view to illustrate the action of the pressure plate in the film magazine;

Figure 13 isa horizontalsection taken along the line l3-,l'3-of Figure 16, showing various details ofother portions of: the driving mechanism for the film magazine; t, 1

:Figure 14 is atop plan :view of the skeletonized structure shownin'Figure 2A;-

Figure 15 is an enlargedlsection taken along the line l5l5 of Figure 14;

1 Figure 16 is 'an'enlarged fragmentary sectional elevation 'of the right-hand-face of the skeletonized view shownin'Fi ure 2A;

Figure 17 is a section taken along the line Figure 18 isa: diagrammatic view of certain of the cams and followers shown in the lower left -hand portion of Figurelfi; a

Figure "19 is aperspective view of the lower left-hand portion of Figure lfijshowing the magazine driving mechanism a's an entire assembly, and also showing the driving connection to the shutter operating mechanism;

Figure is a top plan view of the mechanism shown in Figure 19; and,

Figure 21 is a top plan view of the outer cone assembly showing the view finder and various of the data indicating devices.

Similar fferer'ice cliaracters refer to similar parts throughout'the various views of the draw- In general, the camera consists of a number of unitary assemblies constituting integral units.

These units are generally" indicated in various figures of the drawing as follows:

3fiframe or case (Figures 1 and 2A) 3 icone (Figures 1, 2A, 3 and 21) 32-shutter (Figures 5, 6 and 7) 33-magazine (Figures 1, 8, 9 and 10) 3 loase drive (Figures 2A, 14 and 16) -intervalometer (Figures 2, 23-27) tit-according system (Figures 1, 2A, 4, 14 and 21 tition or-supporting=plate 43, while a horizontal partition or table44-issecured at its four corners to post-4 I'E- -n-the tops of posts 4| is secured the top plate 45 (Figured) of the-camera, thus dividing that portion of the camera which lies above its focal plane intocompartments 46 and 4?, respectively (see Figure 2A) Upper compartment 46 houses the case drive 7 24,- together with a driving motor 48, both of which are secured to table- 44 while lower compartment 41 provides a chamber for the film magazine 33---(F igur 1) which may be slid into compartment 41 or' removed therefrom through the left rear face;v as shown in Figure 2A. As

noted above; base"plate'39"constitutes a part of cone assembly 3|which will now be described.

Com:

As best shown in'Figure '3, cone 3| comprises inner and oeter meeibers-dr cones generally indicatedat' 49*and 50', respectively. *Innercone 49 comprises base plate 39 and alower annular member '5l." Base'plate 39 includes a downwardly "eiitending integral portion- 52 having a fi'ahge 53 secured to a flange :54 on the upper portion of member 5|, inner member 5! also including an upper inner wing-like flange 55 and a lower inner rih'g-likmfiange 56 which provide mountsfor-le'ns elements 51 and 58. As noted hereinabove, the top 'of'plate'39 defines the focal plane of the camera, i; e-.-,- a central point in the plane of the top of this plate is the locus of the focal length of the'lens-bomprising the elements 5'! and 58:" Thus-"it may-be seen that by accurately machining the engaging faces of flanges 53 and 5 i, the-locus of the-focal plane can be determinedwith greataccuracy with the result that lens elements 51 and 58 may be replaced as necessarybyelements= of the same focal length,

1 without thenecessity of any'further adjustments to locate properlythe focal plane.

i The outer member or cone 50' (see also Figure 21) is provided witha suitable number of drilled bosses 59 which may receive screws adapted to 4 be threaded into the bottom of base plate 39 to connect the outer cone thereto. This outer cone 5!) also includes an inner annular flange 50 on the inner edge of which is formed an annular groove 6| in which is deposited a ring 52 of felt or-the like. Groove 64 ;is, when the inner and outer cones 49 and 50 "are. assembled, adapted to receive a projecting portion 63 of the inner cone which, with the felt 62 in groove 6 i, forms a light trap preventingthe passage of such illumination as'inay exist between the two cones (as will be described-below).- Shutter 32 is a between the lens-shutter, and is accordingly adapted to be i'nst'alled i'n 'innefcone 49 between the flanges 55 'and 55 where itmay be securely but detachably fastened-in proper operative position in any convenient manner. Thus it may be seen that the ame-read outer cone members 49 and 59 constitute an eiiective, rigid light-tight cone structure-in which-lens and -shutter replacement may be readily-'eiiectedwithout any necessity of adjustment to relocate the focal plane at the focal length of the lens system.

' -MAGAZINE Magazine 33(Fig"ures 8 -12) comprises a framelike base t i'which defines an aperture 65 (Figure 9-) of somewhat greater dimensions than the aperture iein'bas'e platev '39 (Figure 2A). Secured to and extending'upwardly from base or frame 54 (Figurelo')- is a rectangular enclosure .63 in the top edges of the four sides of which is formed-a continuous groove or slot 61 (see also Figure 8) adapted to receive the bottom edge of a'magazine cover (not shown) so that such cover forms with the four sides of enclosure 66 a light-tightcl'iamber for the film. As shown in Figure 8, the right-hand wall 66a of enclosure 66 is not integral withthe' other walls; but is detachablyfse'cured thereto so that upon removal access may had to-tlie mechanism carried by a complementary inner' wall 66b (Figure 10) which is of sufficient depth to providev a chamber for the reception of various magazine operating mechanismsto be described. Referring back to Figure 8, a crossbeam"fi8 is secured at its left-hand end to a support 69, inturn suitably secured to the left h'an'd. side wall of enclosure 66,'the other end of beam 68 being suitably attached to wall 66b. Wall 561) rotatably supports film supply and takeup pivots i9 "and 'TT, respectively, complementary stationary pivots 12 and 13 being mounted at the opposite side of the magazine on a pair of arms l laiid'15, respectively. Thesearms are pivotally mounted on a" pin 16 fastened in a bracket '58 forming an integral part of beam 68 and secured to support 69. Preferably a helical spring 19 is coiled about'pin 16, the ends of this spring respectively engaging arms 14 and 15 to impart an inward bias thereto about pin 16 so that the pivots 12' and 13 are always urged toward their complementary pivots T0 and. H to hold the film spools securelyin proper operative position.

tween the pottornof boss 8I and thetop eta; 5055 85 in' which pin 82is'fastened'to constantly urge the pressure plate 83' downwardly toward theracal plane which is the: plane of the'jbottom of frame 64., v 1 1 Fastened to the'to-p of" pressure plate iitare a pair of upstanding lugsBS and 67 to whichare pivotallysecured respectively a pair of arms-1&8 and 89., The ends oi'the'se arms are respectively attached to collars 90f and 9]"(Figure18) through which extends a shaft 92, the collars being fas'= tened to theshaft, respectively; by pinstMand 9Ia. The righthand endiofshaft Q2, asview ed injFigure 8,'has pinned thereto one end'ofashaft titheother end ofwhi'ch isp'inned to a sleeve fl l rotatably mounted in; war 65b, this sleeve carryinga'lever" arm 95 (see'als'o Figure 10) for a pur pose tobe described below. I

Referring back to Figure 8', the'l'eft-hand end of rod92 is rotatably nountedin support 69 and carries on its end anarm 96 which overlies-a cam 91 disposed betweentheleibhand wall of enclosure 66 and support 53;: This cam-9 1" is pinned to a short shaft $8 which extends outside of the magazine through the left-hand wall oi enclosure 66 and has fastened to its outer end an'operating handIe SS. This operating handle 99 also includes an extending lug 99s or the like adapted tocoact with a cam-'like'spring I00 (Figure 1) to lock magazine 3 3within the camera when the handle is turned to 'its vertical position, as shown in Figure 1,,by reason of lug SQQentering behind spring I00; When, however, handle-Q9 is rocked counterclockwise, as viewed Figural, to the horizontal position: shownjin' Figure 8; lug 59; is moved fromb'eh'ind springllliljso that the mag zine may be slidout of the camera. Also, upon rocking of handle 99 counterclockwise to the Figure8 position, cam Glfo'rees arm 95 upwardly, which rocks shaft 02 in such a manner that arms as and as and/accordingly the lugs '86 and" s1 attached thereto are pulled upwardly to pull pressure plate 8 3 (Figure"7)","upwardly against the force of spring 84 away'from the focal plane of the camera. lWith thepressure plateheld in this upper position, alight slide IOI maybe slid into a suitablegroove102 formed in base frame 04, thus effectivelysealin'g the interior of the magazine irom thefentrance of light so that in the event a length of film is: underlyingpressure plate 83, it will not be spoiledby exposure to the light.

.As shown'in' Figure 195; the left handside 54a of basej'frame (id is provided with a transverse cham er.lil l o elt p f w h is t n d striplilj offiexible materialQsuch as felt, and to thebottomofflwhich is fasteneda strip I05 r pile fabricwhich, with the felt strip I04, constitutes a light trap to prevent the entrance of light into the magazine when light slide IQI is withdrawn.

Withthe pressure plate 83 drawn to its upper position in the. manner heretofore described, there is a tendency for-[the film underlying the pressure plate to sag'to' thedotted line position Fv inFigure 9A, wherein a substantialportion of vthe film thus forms anfelongated loop lyin'g'below the level ofethe light slide groove I02. With the filmin' thispos ition, it would be difficult if not impossible to insert the lightxslide without picks up thefli'ppers I 06 and pivots them upward- 1y. As the fiippers'thuspivot they pick up the adjacent edge of the film and raise it out of the path of theentering light'slide'. When the light slide'is fully inserted, its handle I flla underlies the magazinelock handle 99; the' latter handle cannot b'e operated to lock'the magazine in prep e'r operative position within the camera until'the lightslide has been removed, becausehandle 99 would engage the light slide handle beforevit could attain its lockingposition. Thuslwithdrawal of the lightslide before the camera is put into operation is assured. By the same token, when lock'handle 99iisinlts locking position, it'obstructs the entrance to groove I02, thus preclude ing entrance of the light slide when the magazine is locked into place. t

Base frame 64 of the magazine includes a pair of opposed outwardly extending guide railsI01 and I08 (Figure'fi) ,which when the magazine is placed in the camera,'underriderespectively a pair of t-shaped: guides; such as guide I,09."%('Fig;.- ure 2A) fastened to base plate:39.i Also; the exterior sidewall 66a (Figures 8 and 9) of the magazineenclosure 66 has fastened thereto a locat ing dowel I'I0 which is adapted to enter a tapered hole (not shown)formedinpartition43 (Figure 2A) when'magazine 33*'is=slid intothe camera to properly locate in cooperation with the aforementioned guide rails the aperture in the magazine relativeto the focal-plane aperture.

Pressure plate 83:(Figure 9) includes a chamber III having a port H2 in which is inserted'a fixture "I [3 extending outwardly from the pressure platethrou'gh'aivertical slot II4 formed in innerrwall 66b;-the outer end of thefixtureglying betweenwalls 66a and 66b-and carrying one end ofa flexible tube II5 (Figure 10). The otherend of tubeI I5 issecured to apipe ,I I0 connected to a portedyblock III fastened, to outer enclosure wall 66a (Figure 9), ;.this wall having an opening (notzshown); formed thereimthrough which a short pipe: I Ila fastened; to block I I'I; extends. The outer end of pipe Illa registers with an opening (not shown) in, partition 43 (Figure2A) to'whichi is connected a pipe II8, any suitable means (not shown) being provided to effect an air-tightseal between thepipe II'Ia'andthe opening when the camera magazine 33 is properly positioned within its chamber 41. 1 The other end of pipe H8 is connected to a valve II9 (see also Figure in-which is reciprocably' disposed -aI plunger I having spaced gates I20a "and 120D; Valve llflvincludes a vertical passage I-2I tohwhich the upper; end ofpipe; H8 is connected} a'ipassage; I22 which communicatesythe interior of the. .valve with the atmosphere and a passage] 23.: whichv by 1 any suitable means (not 'shown) communicates the interior 'ofthe valve shown); Assuming'the system thus connected to an evacuating device and the valve iplunger I20 in the position shown in Figure 15, passage I22 is closed by'gate, I20?) and a connection is madebetweensuch evacuating device and the interior ofwpressure plate 83 by, way of fitting damaging the film, Accordingly, to facilitate the entrance of the light slide, we: have provided a series of fingers or flippers 06 (see also Figure 8) "regularly spaced alongthe entrance 'of v groove I02 (Figure 9A) withtheir upper; ends pivoted ;above -the;groover Accordingly; when jthe l ht slide'is inserted'into its'g'rcove;'its-entering edge I I24 (Figure 2), passage I23. (Figure 15), the 'interior-of the valvefpassageqnlj, pipe II8.(Fig

pressure'plate port IIZJiEWith the insideofthe 7 5 "pressure plate" thus-1- eva'cuatd, andv thel plate zitself. zsuitably. perforated as; for example; in, the mannershown in the copending application Serial No.- 510,146, filed November 13, 1943, now Patent-Number 2,403,587, issued-July 9,-1946, the film is drawn flat against the plate thus to prevent distortion. Of course, when valve plunger I20 (Figure '15). is moved to its upper position, all as; will be described hereinafter, passage: I23 is closed off bythe gate I29 aof the plungerywhile passages-IN and I22 arezcommunicated, thus connecting theinterior ofrthe pressure plate with the atmosphere to release the. vacuum. It is this condition which exists during the filmfe'eding operation, whereas the evacuation exists during and just prior to the exposure period. I

As shown in Figure 10, magazine 33 includes a film supply spool' I25 and a film take-up'spool I26, :the latter being drivenby a gear I2I-fastened to the take-up spool pivot 'II (Figure 8). Gear [21- (Figure 10) is adapted to be driven c'ounterclockwise,: as viewedin this figure; by means of a driving gear I28 through an idler I2-9 meshing with both the driving and driven gears, gears IZB and I29 being-rotatably supported on magazine wall 66a (Figure 8 The pivot of driving gear I28 (Figure '10) comprises a coupling I39 whichv connects with the :driving mechanism to be described hereinafteru'when magazine 33 is inserted in the camera in its operative position as heretofore described. .Maganine 33 (Figure 8) includes at oppositasides thereof a roller I 31 which underlies the film supply I25 (Figure 10) and a metering T01161'TLI'32 (Figure 8) which -underlies' the film take-up spoolIZS (Figure 10). The opposite ends'of roller I 3i (Figure- 8)'-"are rotatably' mounted respectively in a pairof:arms I33 and I34 which are, in turn-1 'pivotally attached to the base frame 64 of the magazine. In a similar manner the opposite ends of metering roller =I.32 are respectivelyrotatably mounted in apair of arms'I35 Preferably a pressure roller (not shownl'is disposed above metering roller I32 in sucha'manher as to press the film firmly against the metering roller to avoid any slippage therebetween and accordingly inaccurate metering.

The right-hand .pivot I3'I of metering roller I32 extends through arm I36 and through" a vertical slot I38 (Figure 10) in magazine wall 66b and into the space between walls 69a and 66b (Figure 8). The 'free end of this pivot I31 (Figure 10) carries an upwardlyqextending arm I3 9, as well as a spur gear I49,'.the gearbeing fastened to the pivot so that when the gearis driven-,-as will be described, the pivot andaecordingly its metering roller I32 is'driven. Inthe u'pper-end of arm I39 is fastened one end of apin I4 I, the other end of which is fastened in one end' of a link I42.

tatably mounted on a bossformedon the outer magazine wall 68a (Figure 8). Coupling "I43 (Figure 10) has fastened thereto a pinion I44 which constantly meshes with an idler gear I45 rotatably attached as by apin I46 on link-I42. V This'idler gear I45 in; turn meshes with a gear I4'Iwhich is rotatably mounted on pin:-I4I' between'arm I39 and link I42,-gearg I41 meshing with spur I gear 145." It-will now: appear=:that

Link I42 is pivotally supported by: a; 1 coupling I43 which extends through and is rowhenmeteringrollerrI32 is driven by the film during the. windingcycle, the train of gears comprising gears-149,147, I45, and I44 is driven, thus toLdrive. coupling I43 for the purpose of correctly metering the film through the magazine in exactly the correct amount as will be described hereinbelow.. The film is, of course, fed from. the supply spool I25 (Figure 10) and passes therefrom around then under roller I3I (Figure '8). As-noted hereinbefore, metering roller. I32 is capable of movement toward and away from take-up spool I26 but because of the mounting of gear I49- on pivot I31 and gears I41 and I45. o'nlink I42, these gears constantly remainin meslrthus tomaintain a driving relation. ,there-among -.regardless of .the vertical movement of .the metering roller relative to take-up spool I26.

.NIn orderrthatthe momentum engendered in supply spool I25 during thefeeding cycle does not resultin .c ontinued rotation of this spool subsequent-to the winding. cycle and to maintain the. film tautat aILtimes, we have provided a brake whichis'generally indicatedat I48 in FigureslOand 11 Asmay be seen in Figure ll, supply.spool.pivot1ll.is pinned to a stud I49 which extendathroughmagazinewall 96bwhere a reduced portion 149a of. the pivot carries a helical spring 159, The left-hand end of this spring presses against aeshoulderedbushing I5I, the shoulder .ofwhich restsagainst. the complementary shoulder oi abearing member. I52 mounted in a suitablebore in. wall 66b. The right-hand end of .spring i50.presses -against a collar I53 which is pinned to theright-hand end of stud I49 so that eter. of stud 149 for rotation relative thereto. The lower portion of: disc I51. carries a pin I58 which extends-therefromthrough'a slot I59 formed in .wall 66'b,:and. to :the outer end of. this pin I58 (Figure 110) is pivotally fastened one end of a link..l60.. The. other end of link ISO is pivotally attachedtothe upper end oflever arm 95, the

.lower .end.of.. which, as-noted hereinabove, is

fastened to shaft 93 (Figure 8). As may be seen in FigureS, the right-hand end of shaft 93 is rotatablymounted in a bushing IBI mounted in the .magazine sidewall 56a, and the extreme end of .thisshaft .hasefastened thereto a coupling I62 which connects with a portion of the driving .mechanismto be described, when the magazine is inserted its .operative position within the camera.

It. will now appear that arm 95 (Figure 10) is =connectedby way of shafts 93 and 92 (Figure 8) .to arrnlli which, as heretofore described, is rocked upwardly. when handle 99 is turned to its horizontal position. to unlock the magazine for withdrawallfrom the camera, Accordingly, when the handle is so turned, lever 95 (Figure 10) is rocked counterclockwise, which results in clockwise movementzof pin- I58 about the axis of stud I49. This-movementv of. pin I58 is imparted to disc .I5'I'(Figure .11) and accordingly to plate I54, thus rotating supplyspool I25 (Figure 10) clockwise by a-sufiicientamount .to take up such slack as may existinthe film resultingfrom elevation of pressureplate-83 (Figures 8 and 9) caused by movementmi handle, 99 to the. horizontal position shown. Thus the film is substantially, if not entirely drawn upwardly against the elevated pressure plate 83 to permit theentrance of light slide IOI in its slot., Of course, if the film" is not entirely out of the way, then the action of fingers I96 (Figures 8 and 9A) as heretofore described,

is urged toward the focal plane of the camera, as

heretofore defined, by reason of the downward pressure exerted by spring 82 (Figure 9). It is desirable, however, thatfth'e left-hand edge of pressure plate 83 (i. e., the edge which underlies take-up spool I26 Figure 1'0)=first engage the film and press it against the periphery of aperture 48 (Figure 2A) in the'camera base 39-, as take-up spool I26 (Figure is constrained against clockwise or unwinding rotation by a pair of ratchets I63 and I64 which prevents withdrawal of film from the 'take-ups'pool; "Ifthe film were first engaged by the pressure plate at a point below supply spool I25, s'ufiicient slack I could not be drawn from take-up spool I26 to allow the pressure plate to seat properly in the focal plane without'damaging the film or the mechanism. Accordingly, as shown in Figure 12,

the left-hand portion ofpressure plate 83 is first forced into the focal plane '-P by a lever I65 which is pivotally mounted on shaft 92 (Figure 8), the

pressure exerted by the lever'being provided by a spring I66 fastened between one end of the lever and a suitable arm I61 connected to and extending from beam 68. The right hand side of preszine. Bell crank I10 includes an am 1 12', the

free en'd I13 of which "is disposed within a cam block I14 wherein it is engageable with a'pair'of cam surfaces I15 and H6. It accordingly follows that when bell crank I19is rocked clockwise,

as viewed in Figure 12, arm end I13 rides along 0 cam surface I16, thus allowing the right-hand end of the pressure plateto depress against the focal plane and ultimately r'est' against cam surface I15 which, in effect, constitutes ashoulder which locks the pressure plate in itsproper position in the focal plane; This clockwise rocking of the bell crank'is effected by the driving mechanism during a portion ofits operative cycle, as will behereinafter described; at the'time the" air inside ofthe pressureplate'isevacuated." Thus the pressure plate notonly forces'the film into the focal plane, but by-reason of its evacuation flattens all portions of the film against its bottom surface, thus precluding anypos'sibility of distortion when an exposure ismade.

Inasmuch as a certain amountof film slack is desirable during this movement of the righthand end of pressure plate 83 into the focal plane, this movement i accompaniedby counterclock wise movement ofsupply spool I (Figure 10) through the cperation of arm- 95 and link I69 here'- inabove described whichcause a suflicient amount of film to be unwound from spool I25 to prevent the lowering of the pressureplate'from tearing o1- otherwisedamaging the film Thus lt may of a bracket 298: secured to partition 44.

10 be seen that the film mayl effectively be forced and held in the focal plane'without any danger of damaging the film, or withoutdisplacing theportion to be exposed relative to the portion exposed during the immediately preceding cycle.

Dnivme Mncnimrsm 1. Shutter spring rewind The-driving mechanismflforthe camera functions during its cycle of operation to operate the previously described film magazine 33 and to rewind the shutter. The motive force for the driving mechanism is motor 48 (Figure 14) which is fastened to a partition 44. The casing of motor 43 includes a bracket I11 which houses a ear (not shown) fastened to the rotor shaft of the motor. This gearrnesheswith aspur gear I18 secured to a Stud shaft I19 rotatably mounted in a boss I33 formed integrally with a bracket IBI attached to partition 44. Also'secured to shaft I19 is a pinion I82 which meshes with a gear I83 mounted on a shaft I84 which is journaled in bracket I8i. One end of shaft-I84is pinned to one end of a sleeve i85, the other end'of which is pinned to a shaft I86 which is rotatably mounted in the opposite sides 34a and 34b of case drive 34.

Shaft I86 carries a pinion'l81 which meshes with a spur gear I88 fastened to a shaft I89, the opposite ends of which arerotatably mounted in the case drivewalls 34c and 341). This gear I88 in turn meshes with a gear I 90 which is rotatably mounted in any suitable manner on case drive side wall 34m; This latter gear, vin turn, meshes with a gear ,I9I secured toaclutch element m2 rotatablymounted on a shaft I93 whose opposite .ends are supported in the case drive side walls 34a and 341).;A complementary clutch element two clutchelements are irengaged, shaft I93 is driven to rotateageanl95, as well as a, cam I96, bothsof which are fastened, to the end of shaft I93 which extends externally of case drive side 13 11, K t

Gear I95 meshes withan idler, I91 which, in turn, meshes with, a pinion IBSsecured to a shaft I99, one end of, which i mounted in case drive side wall 34b; thegother'end of this shaft being mounted .in a lverticallygextending portion 28% The outer end of shaft I99 carries a bevel gear 2M which, as is more clearly; shown in Figure 16, meshes with another bevel gear 202 fastened to a shaft 293, the opposite ends, of which are ro tatably mountedin thetop: andbottom walls of bracket 299. Therlower end of shaft 293 extends through. the lowerwall ofbracket 209 and has secured to it the .upper end of a connecting sleeve .294 (see Figure; 2A), the lower end of this sleeve being connectedtol'an input drive shaft 285 (see also. Figure 16') 10f what may be termed a transfer unit generally indicated at 201. This unit transfers the winding and tripping output drive of case drive to the "camera magazine, the

. shutter, and various elements associated therewith, all'as willbe described in detail hereinbelow.

75 with r gear ZIB carried b astud shaft 211 ro- 11 tatably mounted in the "downwardly extending portion 52 of base plate 39. The inner end of stud shaft 2I1 (Figure 3) has fastened thereto a gear (not shown) which, through a conveniently arranged train of gears 2I1a (not all of which are shown) drives acoupling 2I9 (Figure 4) adapted to be connected to'a complementary coupling 220 (Figures 6 and 7) of shutter 32 by a connector 22I interposed between the two couplings H34 are engaged, the case drive output istrans mitted by gears I35, I91 and I98, bevels 201" (Figure 16) and 202, and connector 234 to theinput shaft 255 of distributor 201. Shaft 22%, in turn,

rives bevels 268 (Figure 11) and 2Il,'which causes rotation of gear 2I5 (Figure 3) to drive coupling 2 I9 (Figure 4) which, being connected to coupling 220 (Figure 7) by connector 22I, rewinds the shutter spring 222.

DRIVING MECHANISM 2. Magazine drive As pointed out before, the distributor or'transfer unit 261 (Figure 16) also operates and'controls the film magazine. Thus, gear 2I5, which'is driven clockwise, as viewed in this figure, meshes with a gear 223 (Figure 17). This gear is more clearly shown in Figure 1 3, being cut on oneend of a clutch element 224. This clutch element has freely mounted thereon a cylindrical member'225,

on one end of which is fastened a ratch'et'225c.

One end of a spring 226 which is coiled about the reduced end of the clutch element is fastriedto ratchet 225a. The clutch element 224 is rotatably mounted on a sleeve .221, the opposite ends of which are journaled respectively in ball bearings 228 and 229, which'are'suitably secured in housing 2I0 of the transfer'unit'201. Disposed Within sleeve 221 is a shaft 230, and thisshaft is prevented from rotating within the sleev'e'by a pin 23I which extends through both. .A complementary clutch element 232 is also mounted" on sleeve 221 but is fastened thereto, aportion' of spring 226 also being coiled about clutch element 232. Thus it may be seen that spring 226 is coiled about both of the clutch elements 224 and'232, and is disposed between the clutch elements and cylinder 225 so that when the clutch is disengaged, clutch element 224 is capable of rotation relative to clutch element 232. A spring 233 is disposed in sleeve 221 between the bottom thereof and one end of shaft 230. The other end-of shaft 230carries a coupling 234 which is adapted to engage coupling I30 (Figure of mechanism 33 when the mechanism is installed in the camera. "The" clutch and its shaft 230 are axially movable'into unit 201 against the pressure of spring 233so that the magazine may be properly positionedin the camera although coupling 234 andcoupling, I

235 is driven, thus to drive the connected cou plings 234 and I30 (Figure 10), and hence rotate thefilm take-up spool l26-counterclockwise by way of the train of gears I28, I'ZQIand I21.

As the film is wound on take-up-spool I26 it, i. e. the film, drives metering roller I32 (Figure BYandaccordingly; coupling I43 (Figure 10') by way of the train comprising gears I40, I 41, I45 and I44. This coupling is attached (when the magazine is installed in the camera) to a complementary coupling 235 in Figure 13, which is mounted on one end of a shaft 236 rotatably mounted in transfer unit 231m Thus the coupling 'end of shaft 236 extends through a bushing 231 carried by a ball bearing '238 secured to housing 210 of the transfer unit. The other end of shaft 236 is reciprocably mounted in a telltale 239 which is also mounted in a-ball bearing 240 secured to the transfer unit housing ZII).

{lgelltale 239 has a marked outer end 239a (Figure 2A)- which extends through a hole formed in thetr ansfer unit housing 2H), where it is clearly visible through a-hole in the covering plate (not shown) attached to this side of the camera so that it is not necessary to remove themagazine from the camera todetermine whether or not the film isbeing wound.

Referring back to Figure 13, shaft233 carries a clutch generally indicated at'24I comprising driving and driven elements 242 and 243, respectively, the former element having secured thereto a frictiomfacing 242a, thedri-venelement being attached in any suitable manner to a metering 031111255. Driving element 242 includes a slotted collanor hub 244 and a pin 245 extends through the slot in collar 244 and through shaft 236 so as .y to couple-clutch element 242 to the shaft, while permitting moyement-of the clutch element axially of.the shaft. Aspring'245is coiled around shaft 236 between the end of clutch element hub 1.2.44 and the inner end of telltale- 2'3 9 so as to force the .friction face 242a of 3 clutch element- 242 against clutchelement 243 to effect a driving rela- ...-,tion therebetween. Acollar-241is loosely mounted onclutch element hub 244 'and between this .collar and a lock nut248,which holds telltale 239 win place,.'is another spring 249. "Inasmuch as 'collar .241 bears against pin- 245; shaft 236,- clutch i24I.-and metering card 255 areforced outwardly .of the transfer unit housing 2 I 0. v

Thus the assembly comprising coupling 235, shaft 236, and the elements carried thereby, may

the camera. As coupling I43 is driven'in the .manner described, it soon mates with coupling 235.-;.(Figure 13) whereupon spring 249 forces shaft 236 and its coupling 235outwardly.

-. -:Thus-it may be seenthat as the metering roller 1drives--shaft"236 as the film is being wound on takeeup spool' l26 (Figure 10) metering cam 255 -(Figure 13) is rotated.-

' -Referring back to Figure 17,=th e hub of bevel gear 2 has fastened thereto acam 253 which rotates with the gear during the winding cycle.

One end of an arm 251 is adapted to ride on the periphery of earn 256 (Figure 16), the other end -ef-thisarm being pivotally mounted on a pin 258 fastened to one side of the transfer unit housing 210. As is more clearly shown in Fig- ;ure 18,-arm 251 includes a projection 259 on the end-of; which is a lip 26B adapted to engage the A bottomof an arm 26I fulcrumed; on pivot 258. 'The'free end of arm 26I- is providedwith a hooklike lip 262 which drops into a notch 255a formed thus holds the free endof arm 251 in engagement with the periphery of cam 256 at alltimes. Arm

26I, on'the other hand, is under a counterclockwise bias by reason of .a spring 2 64 fastened between the two arms. (This latter spring thus tends to force the free end, i, ,e. the hook 262 of arm 26I, into engagement with meteringcam 255 so that the hook can enter the cam notch 255a attheproper time.

At the beginning of the winding cycle, the two .arms251 and 26I (Figure 18) and cams 255 and 256' arein the position shown, Accordingly, as cam 256 is rotated by the case drive throughthe transfer unit, as hereinbefore described, the free end of arm 251. rides 'on'jthe periphery of the cam. until anotch 256a is juxtaposed to the arm.

At this point spring 263 (Figure 16) rocks arm 251 clockwise so that "its jfree endfalls in'cam notch 256a (Figure. 18)" thus engaging lip 260 with arm 26I ,to rock this'latter' arm clockwise "about, its pivot which retracts, hook 262 from derrides the hookat the'endof one revolution.

Thus arm 26I is maintained ina position slightly raised from that shown in'Figure 18, for one revolution of metering cam 255. Arm 26I is held in this position for this period in order to hold a pawl 265 carried thereby out or engagement with the teeth of ratchet 25 5a. Y r

. 2 When the pawl and ratchet are disengaged, clutch elements 224 and 232(Figure 13) are connected by spring 22 6 to complete the driving connection "betweenthe case: drive andthe magaf zine, as, heretofore described; When, however,

the pawl 265 and ratchet 225m Figure 18) reengageby reason of arm-hook 262 entering metering roller notch 255a, thenthe clutchcomprising elements224 and 2321(Figure 13) is disengaged,

thus breaking the driving connection between the ncase drive and the magazine. It accordingly folloivs that by properly proportioning the metering cam 255 and the gear ltrain between it and the metering roller I32 (Figure8) the exact amount of film may be fed during eachfilm feeding cycle.

- During the film winding cycle; i. e. whenfilm is being fed from supply spool I25 (Figure '10) tctake-up spool I26, as just described, it is nec- Y essary that pressure plate 83 (Figure 9) be raised out of the focal plane so asto permit free passage of the film beneath the plate. To thisend, transfer unit 281 (Figures 13, 16" and 19) is provided withatransverse shaft 266-whose opposite ends are carried respectivelyby bushings 261 and 268 (Figure 13) f disposed on' opposite sides of the transfer unithousing 2H1. fA coIIar 269 is pinned to shaft 266 adjacent bushing268 and ha's fast'ened thereto an L-shaped 'arm 218 (Figure 16) h '14 on the lower end of which is mounted a roller 21,I adapted to ride on and follow the periphery of a cam 212 which is fastened on so as to rotate with shaft 2I2. To the other end of shaft 266 (Figure 13) is secured a coupling 213 which mates with couplingI62 (Figure 10) When magazine 33 is installed in the camera. It will be recalled that coupling I62 (Figure 8) is connected to shaft 92, and hence, byway of arms 88, 89 and lugs 86 and 81 to pressure plate 83. Coupling I62,as viewed in Figure 10, is accordingly under a constant clockwise bias by spring 82 (Figure 9) which is accordingly imparted by way of coupling 213 (Figurel3) and shaft 266 to arm 210 (Figure 16) which forces the-arms rollers 21I against the periphery of cam 212. When, therefore, in the course of the rotation of cam 212 roller 21I rides into a notch 212a formed in the cam, arm 21!! rocks clockwise to the limit of its motion in this direction, at which time the pressure plate is free to be forced into its focal plane position by spring 82 (Figures). This occurs at the end of the winding cycleaftera new strip of film has been fed into positionover aperture 49 (Figure 2A)-in thecamerabase plate 39. I

After the shutter has been tripped, whi'ch effects operation of CaSCdIiVG 34,'as will be described hereinafter, the winding cycle is begun, and accordingly cam 212 (Figure 16) starts to rotate. Immediately, arm roller 21I is forced out of cam notch 212a, with the result that arm 210 is rocked counterclockwise. This counterclockwise movement of the arm results in counterclock- Wise movement of coupling I62 (Figure 10) which is imparted to shaft 92 (Figure 8). This movement of the shaft lifts arms 88 and 89, and accordingly lugs 86 and 81 upwardly, thus raising pressure plate 83 from its focal plane position against the pressure of spring 82 and accordingly out of engagement with the film, so that the film may be drawn thereunder, as described.

* Thusit will appear that the pressure plate is positively driven from its focal plane position,

thus precluding any possibility of its remaining therein during the film winding cycle, where it might well tear or otherwise damage the mm.

To preclude any possibility of the film being wound or fed prior to elevation of pressure plate 63 (Figure 9) out of the focal plane, thus to prevent the film being scratched or otherwise damaged by the pressure plate, shaft 266 (Figure 13) has freely mounted thereon a collar 361 to which is fastened'a pawl 366 (Figure 16) which is biased clockwise by spring 360 toward clutch ratchet arm 26! is disengaged from the ratchet. It may accordingly be seen that in the event of inadvertent disengagement of ratchet 225a by pawl 265 prior to the removal of the pressure plate from the focal plane, pawl 368 (Figure 16) keeps the clutch disengaged, thus precluding movement of the film until the pressure plate is drawn out of the path of movement of the film.

It'is, of course,- important that the pressure plate 83 (Figure 9) be raised out of its focal-plane position prior to engagement of' clutch elements 224 and 232 (Figure 13). whichrresultsdn feeding of the film. -To.this-end, notch 212av of-cam 212 (Figure 16) is disposed-in advance of notch 256a of cam 256 in the direction-of their rotationeso that arm 210 is rockedcounterclockwise to raise the pressure plate as described, before-the end of arm 25'! falls into notch 256a ofcam 256 to disengage paWl\265 (Figure 18) from ratchet 225a, which permits engagement of clutch elements 224 and 232 (Figure 13).

i As noted above, thefilm is held flat against the bottom of pressure plate 83 (Figure 9) during the exposure period, by-the creation of a vacuum inside the pressure plate through operationof the valve structure shown in Figure 15. It ,isacsecured to side 34%) (Figure 14) of the case drive housing, as at 21:3, is a lever generally indicated at 215 (Figure 16) on .the left-hand end of which is formed a hook 2761 which rides into cam notch 1960. when the camis in its Figure lfiposition.

The other end 2?? of the lever 215 has a pin 218 extending therefrom .which, as is shown in Figures 2A and 15, lies between a cap 219and a collar 280 onthe :upper end of valve plunger I29. As shown in Figure 16, lever 215 is. under a.clockwise bias of a spri-ng 28I connected between the arm and the side of the case drive housing, this spring accordingly holding the hook end 216 of the arm against the periphery of cam [96. With the cam andarm in their Figure. lfi-positions,

valve plunger 529 (Figure 15) is in the position .1;

shown, wherein the interior of pressure plate 83 (Figure 8) is in communication with the suction generator (not shown). However, when case drive 34 (Figure 16) begins to operate immediately after the shutter is .tripped (as will be. described below), and the film winding cycle is thus commenced, cam 95 begins to rotate clockwise, thus forcing its shoulder i960 against hook2'l5, rocking lever 215 counterclockwise, as viewed-in this figure, against the pull of spring- 281, to lift the,

right-hand end of the lever and accordingly pull valve plunger H29 (Figure 15) upwardly. Thus passageway I28 (which leads to the suctiongenerator) is blocked by gate l20a, and passages 21 and I22 are ,communicated so that the interior of pressure plate 93 (Figure .9) -is opened-to the atmosphere to .destroy the vacuum. This operation of the valve to-destroy the vacuum occurs as arm 219 (Figure 16) is being rocked counterclockwise toelevate the pressure plate, asde,--.

scribed, and prior to the clockwise movement of arms 25! and 26 i, which results in the connection between the case drive and magazine which effects feeding of the film.

Thus it will appear that not only does the pres:

sure plate raise out of the focal plane, but .alsothe vacuum in thepressure plate .is.destroyed,..thus completely freeing the film before any driving or feeding impetus is imparted thereto.

DRIVING MECHANISM, V

3. Shutter trippin A complete cycle of operation of the camera chronologically comprises; tripping of theshutter. resettingiof theshutter trip, and simultaner:

nus magazine. operation and shutter spring rewind, the magazine operation and shutter spring rewin'dbeing accomplished as described above. Tripping oi the shutter initiates operation of the case drive, asiwill new be described.

.4 .Assl'iown in Fig. 14, a main shutter trip shaft .282 is adjustably connected to one arm ofa bell crank 283 mounted on a pivot 284 fastened to and extending upwardly from plate 44. The other end of trip shaft 282 is fastened to a collar-285 whichis pinned to one end of a lever .286 by a pin 281. The other end of lever 28B is fastened toavertical shaft 288, the lower end of which is mounted in a boss formed on the top of partition 44, and the upperend of whicheX- itends through top plate (Figure 2) and has fastened to its end a manually operable trip lever 289 by which the camera may be manually stripped locally.

... -Referring back to Figure 14, the otherarm of bellcra'nk 283yi's pivotally connected to one'end of a transverse link 290, the left-hand endof which, as shown in Figure 16, is pivotally connected to a hook 29 l. which is mounted for'oscillation about a pin 292 extendingfrom one wall of the case drive housing. The free end'29la of hook 291 is adapted to engage with the hookshapedend 2 f a latch plate 294 which is attached to a'transverse shaft 295 (see alsoFigme 1 1'). The opposite ends of this shaft are pivotally mounted in side walls 34a'and 34bof 'ca'se drive 34..

1 'At tliis'point it might be well to note that case drive 39 resembles in many respects that shown in United States Letters Patent 1,612,860 to Sherman'N.'Fairchild. Thus, latch plate 294 includes "aii'arm 239, as well as a pin 29'! which is fas- "tened'in and extends from the hook end"293, -this pin constituting an anchor for one end of a relatively heavy'spring 299, the other end of which is anchored in any suitable manner to the case drive housing. Thus it may be seen that "when hooks 29 laand 293 are disengaged by movement of the trip shaft 282 (Figure 14) operating "through bell crank 233 and link 290, spring 298 (Figure 16) rocks latch plate 294 clockwise to move arm 296 upwardly away from clutch elements" 192 and 199 (Figure 14) causing engage- "ment' therebetween, thus instituting driving op- 'eration of' case drive 34. A more detailed description of these parts and the operation there- -0f may be had by reference to the above-noted *Fairchild patent.

When latch plate 294 (Figure 16) rocks clockwise, as described, shaft 295 is similarly oscil- -'lated-, as also is a lever 299 which is fastened to thbuter end of the shaft. The lower end of this lever is pivotally connected to the right-hand end of a transverse link 300, the other endrof which, as may be seen in Figure 14, is pivotally connected to'one arm of a bell crank 301: which #isfastened to a pin-392 (see also Figure 16) pivotally mountedjin bracket 200. The other arm 333 of bell crank 35! (Figure 14) is connected 'to one end of a heavy spring 304 whose other end is anchored to partition 44 by a pin 305. i This spring 304 constitutes a booster to assure -tripping of the shutter upon disengagement of upper; end of-ashaftSO! pivotally mounted in ,transfer unithousingfllfl. This shaft 301 extends below the transfer unit and has connected 17 to its lower end a lever 308, carrying a pin 309 which, as shown in Figure 3, is secured to one end of a link 3). Link 319 extends through a slot 3| I formed in the downwardly extending portion 52 of camera base plate 39 into the inner cone 49 (Figure 4) where it is pivotally connected to an arm 3l2 fastened to a shaft 313 mounted for oscillation in bracket 2| 8. To the other end of shaft 313 is fastened a coupling 314 which is adapted to mate with a connector 315 (Figure '1) pivotally carried in flange 55 of inner cone section 51 (Figure 3) when shutter 32 is mounted therein. Connector 315 (Figure 7) mates with a trip shaft 3l6 of shutter 32, which may be rocked to trip the camera shutter, as will be described hereinafter.

It will now appear that the camera shutter may be tripped as follows: lever 289, (Figure 2) upon being rocked, drives trip shaft 282 (Figure 14) to pivot bell crank 283 counterclockwise, thus to move link 290 to the right. This movement of link 290 (Figure 16) disengages hooks 29la and 293, permitting spring 298 to rock latch plate 294 andaccordingly lever 299 clockwise. This movement of lever 299 is transmitted into angular movement of shaft 391 by reason of its connection thereto by bell crank 391 and sleeve connector 306. The angular movement of shaft 391 is imparted to lever 308 which, through pin 389, drives link 3111 (Figure 4) in such a way as to rock or oscillate coupling 314 and accordingly trip shaft 316 (Figure '7) thus tripping the shutter.

, The shutter trip is re-set as follows: it will be recalled that when the shutter trip is operated, operation of case drive 34 (Figure 16) is initiated by reason of the raising of arm 296 to effect clutch engagement. .As the case drive operates,

shaft I 93 rotates counterclockwise and accordingly imparts counterclockwise rotation to a cam 3l1fastened thereto. As this cam rotates, it en gages a roller 318 fastened to the lower part of latch plate 294, and rocks the latch plate coun-'- terclockwise against the pull of spring 298 until the latch plate hook 293 and hook 291a reengage, hook 29la having been returned to its Figure 16 position by means of a spring 3l9 (Figure 14) which constantlypushes trip shaft 282 in a direction to rock bell crank 283 clockwise and accordingly link 2911 to the left. This return movement of latch hook 293 to its Figure 16 position accordingly moves link 2911 to the right, and this movement of the link is imparted in the manner hereinbefore described to shutter trip shaft 3l6 (Figure 7) to reset the shutter trip elements, which will be described later.

To prevent the shutter from being tripped if the magazine is not properly installed, shaft 301 (Figure 20) has fastened thereto a locking plate 320 which oscillates as the shaft is moved in the manner hereinbefore described. When the shutter is fully wound, locking plate 320 is in the position shown in Figure 20, but when the shutter is tripped, this place is rocked counterclockwise to a position where its end 320a lies somewhat to the right of the depicted position, unless prevented from so doing by latching against the end 219a of arm 213 (Figure 16). This latching will occur only when couplings 213 (Figure 13) and !62 (Figure are not properly engaged, thus permitting spring 2101) to rock arm 21!: counterclockwise until the limit of its travel has been attained when its end 210a is in contact with end 320a of locking plate 323. Thus it is evident that should the magazine be left out or improperly installed, the shutter may not be intentionally or inadvertently tripped, thus obviating any possibility of spoiling the film.

As shown in Figure 16, the bottom end 301a of shaft 381 has another arm and pin 321 and 322, respectively, fastened thereto. Pin 322 extends downwardly into the space between inner and outer cones 49 and 50 (Figure 3) wherein it engages one end 323 (Figure 21) of a counter actuating arm 324 pivotally mounted as at 325 on the outer cone assembly. The other end 326 of this armis positioned to engage the operating arm 321 of a counter 328 which forms a part of the recording system 36 described hereinbelow. Thus it follows-that every time the shutter is tripped, counter 328 is actuated so that successive exposures are counted and recorded.

Preferably another counter 329 (Figure 2) is provided in the top of the camera where it is visible to the operator. This counter is also actuated every time an exposure is made by means ofv an arm 330 (Figure 16) attached to lever 215 which, as described above, is rocked once during each cycle of operation. Arm 330 is conveniently arranged to engage the operating lever (not shown) of counter 329 in the same manner that arm end 326 (Figure 21) engages the operating lever 321 of counter 328.

SHUTTER 1. Tripping and resetting 7B) and diaphragm leave 333 are operatively disposed between a disc 334 fastened to supporting plate 331 and lower supporting plates 335 (Figure 7A) The diaphragm leaves 333 (Figure 7B) are operated through a gear 336 by mechanism to be described hereinafter, while the shutter leaves 332 (Figure 5) are opened and closed by a link 331, the driven end 331a of which is eccentrically and pivotally connected as at 338 to a driving gear 339. This gear 339 is in turn driven by a gear 340 when the shutter spring 222 (Figure 7) is released in a manner to be described.

Fastened to supporting plate 33| (Figure 7A) as by screws 34!, is a bracket generally indicated at 342, having an upper face 343 (Figure '1) through which previously described couplings 220, 316 and 314 extend. Coupling 220 forms the upper part of a spring cup 344, the annular groove 334a of which houses the attached upper end of shutter spring 222. The coupling end 220 of the spring cup is journaled in a bushing 345 carried by bracket top 343, while within the cup is'disposed a bushing 346 in which the upper end of a shaft 341 is rotatably disposed. This shaft extends downwardly through bracket 342 and near its lower end has an enlarged portion 341 which is journaled in a bushing 348 mounted in the shutter supporting plate 331. The lower end 341a ofshaft 341 extends below plate 33l and has fastened thereto gear 349 which, as noted above, meshes with, so as to drive the shutter leaf operating pinion 339. A lower spring cup 349 is fastened to shaft 341 between the ends thereof in any suitable manner, this latter spring cup including an annular groove 343a which receives the attached lower end of shutter spring 222'. Also secured to the lower 

